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Great Pyramid of Cholula
The Great Pyramid of Cholula, also known as (Nahuatl for "artificial mountain"), is a huge complex located in Cholula, Puebla, Mexico. It is the largest archaeological site of a pyramid (temple) in the New World, as well as the largest pyramid known to exist in the world today.〔Coe & Koontz 1962, 2002, p. 120.〕 The pyramid stands above the surrounding plain,〔Coe & Koontz 1962, 2002, p. 121.〕 and in its final form it measured .〔Davies 1982, 1990, p. 92.〕 The pyramid is a temple that traditionally has been viewed as having been dedicated to the god Quetzalcoatl.〔 The architectural style of the building was linked closely to that of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico, although influence from the Gulf Coast also is evident, especially from El Tajín.〔
==Location and etymology==
The Cholula archaeological zone is situated west of the city of Puebla,〔Solanes Carraro 1991, p.2.〕 in the city of Cholula. To be more exact, the pyramid is located in the San Andrés Cholula, Puebla municipality, and marks the area in the center of the city where this municipality begins. The city is divided into two municipalities called San Ándres and San Pedro. This division originates in the Toltec-Chichimeca conquest of the city in the twelfth century. These pushed the former dominant ethnicity of the Olmeca-Xicalanca, to the south of the city. These people kept the pyramid as their primary religious center, but the newly dominant Toltec-Chichimecas founded a new temple to Quetzacoatl where the San Gabriel monastery is now.The Toltec-Chichimec people who settled in the area around the twelfth century AD named Cholula as ''Tlachihualtepetl'', meaning "artificial hill".〔
The name ''cholula'' has its origin in the ancient Nahuatl word ''cholollan'', which means "place of refuge".〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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